Indonesian | English | ||
Istilah | Pengertian | Term | Description |
perbuatan melawan hukum | Tidak ada persamaan konsep ini yang tepat dalam negara yang menganut tradisi common law. Tetapi berdasarkan ketentuan ini banyak negara yang menganut sistem hukum kontinental telah mengembangkan hukum tort-nya. Pasal 1365 KUH Perdata menyatakan ‘tiap perbuatan yang melanggar hukum dan membawa kerugian kepada orang lain, mewajibkan orang yang menimbulkan kerugian itu karena kesalahannya untuk menggantikan kerugian tersebut’. Perbuatan yang melawan hukum dan menyebabkan kerugian itu tidak harus dilakukan dengan sengaja, tapi juga dapat disebabkan karena kelalaian atau ketidakhati-hatian. Menurut ilmu hukum dan yurisprudensi Indonesia pengertian ‘perbuatan yang melawan hukum’ agak luas – termasuk di dalamnya adalah bukan hanya ketentuan peraturan perundang-undangan tetapi juga ‘hukum tidak tertulis’ termasuk norma-norma pokok dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat. | act which breaks the law | There is no precise equivalent to this concept in countries of the common law tradition. But it is from this provision that many countries of the civil law tradition have developed bodies of tort law. Article 1365 of the Indonesian Civil Code prohibits ‘acts which break the law’. This provision states that a person who causes loss to another person by means of an act which breaks the law must, because of his or her fault in causing the loss, compensate for that loss. The act which breaks the law and causes loss does not have to be deliberate – compensation can be sought if the loss was caused by negligence or lack of care. Indonesian legal doctrine and yuriprudensi conceive of the concept of an ‘act which breaks the law’ quite broadly – it includes not only law in statutes and regulations but also ‘unwritten law’ which include norms considered essential to living as part of a community. |
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